heating

The Sample Preparation Problem: Variability, Heating, and Labor Bottlenecks

Traditional homogenization workflows suffer from several structural limitations: 1. Operator-Dependent Variability Manual mortar-and-pestle grinding depends heavily on user strength, technique, and timing. Probe sonication requires constant monitoring and produces local heating that can denature sensitive biomolecules. Even conventional bead beaters exhibit variability in orbital motion, tube positioning, and bead interaction. Inconsistent lysis alters downstream concentrations, reduces analyte recovery, and introduces…